This file of the magazine Quaderni dedicated to Artificial Intelligence (AI), titled "between reason and magic" gathers several contributions devoted to the relations between artificial intelligence and the contemporary individual or collective ways of life that constitute the social framework of its deployment.
In this file, coordinated by Thierry Ménissier, AI is simultaneously considered from two angles: "on the one hand, it is considered as one of the advanced points of contemporary technology, perhaps likely, because of its power and its varied fields of application, to deeply transform the ways of living and thinking inherited from the past (to give just one example, human-machine hybridization today includes algorithms and perhaps leads to transhumanism). But on the other hand (...) its reception is envisaged as a case among others of a dialogue between the human and the useful artifacts that it generates, favoring a type of interrogation whose origins go back probably to the beginning of the history of techniques ".
By focusing his attention on the social phenomenon of technological augmentation of disabled people, Alexandre Bretel, underlines the fact that there is, "within the prosthetic experience of the vulnerable body, both a temptation of consented hybridization of the human with the machine and large undefined zones, where a blurred imaginary is deployed, which is still subtracted from the ethical evaluation".
As part of an exploration of the theme of technical alienation as it relates to AI, Tyler Reigeluth considers the unease inevitably engendered by complex machines. " To seize technique in its continuity with vital activity leads to consider that the machine is the bearer of norms that are as invisible as they are pervasive, which it is necessary to objectify. Such a reversal of perspective leads to test the hypothesis that algorithmic machines are characterized by a magical type of efficiency ".
Fabienne Martin-Juchat, for her part, puts forward a daring hypothesis: "the communicating objects animated by AI, as they are conceived today, then "put on the market" and finally adopted by users, are underpinned by original values for which we must conceive the framework of a " neo-animism . This interpretation, counter-intuitive, " is disturbing in its consequences, because it tends to modify what one must think to qualify the relations between the humans and the socio-technical artifacts, on the one hand, and between the rational thought and the needs of spiritual level, on the other hand".Thierry Ménissier, after having observed " the confusion that is taking place between the reliability of algorithmic expertise and the notion of trust", wonders about the consequences of the massive adoption of AI systems by public services. " The regalian functions of institutions, if they have been served since ancient times by numerous and varied socio-technical devices, are now running a new risk, under the effect of the appearance ofa form of authority of machines.Contents
- Emmanuel Taïeb: "Dis Siri": dialogue with Artificial Intelligence
- Thierry Ménissier : The AI, a technological artifact carrying promises of improvement and rich of its zones of shade
- Alexandre Bretel : Reconfigured or augmented bodies? Techno-imaginary of the cyborg figure among people with disabilities
- Tyler Reigeluth: The magical relationship with Artificial Intelligence, or how to live with technical alienation
- Fabienne Martin-Juchat: On technological neo-animism in the era of the Artificial Intelligence craze
- Thierry Ménissier : How far can the institution be augmented? For a public ethics of AI
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