For the first time, France Stratégie has jointly mobilized French data on technical skills from the Pôle emploi's operational directory of occupations (ROME) and survey data on work situations for cross-cutting skills.
The result of this work is an unprecedented mapping of skills by occupation. These skills may be widespread in many occupations, or more concentrated in certain occupations.
A competence corresponds to " the implementation of disciplinary knowledge, know-how and behaviors (interpersonal skills) that are combined in a work situation. It can be a diploma, a disciplinary training, a professional path or a qualification.
Digital skills are given special treatment in this analysis note, since they are included both among the"technical" skills (specific to professional situations) and among the " transversal" skills for all professions.
Digital skills are the most sought-after technical skills
Professionals mobilize, in the first place, technical skills specific to professional situations, as opposed to skills that are more transversal to all professions, such as teamwork or basic digital skills (use of a computer in its basic functions, office automation, etc.). Some of these technical skills are transferable between professions or sectors of activity.The France Stratégie analysis note highlights four trends:
- Growth in IT and telecom systems needs, as well as those related to energy efficiency. "The two major ecological and digital transitions are reflected in the estimated evolution of skills."
- Strong increase in social support and monitoring skills, mobilized by the health care professions (doctors, nurses, care assistants) and social action
- Progression of sales skills, "which reflect the growing importance of customer relations", and this, "from the design of a marketing strategy for the product or service and its merchandising (highlighting a product) to the final act of selling and the daily tasks that accompany it".
- Four growing skills are more related to the management of companies and the production of goods and services. Human resources management and business or facility management (including cultural institutions) are two skills that are widespread in many managerial and technical occupations, which manage budgets, develop business strategies and recruit labor.
82% of employees use office automation skills
France Stratégie also looked at so-called transversal skills: those skills that are not specific to a profession and that are widely shared.France Stratégie distinguishes three families of transversal competences:
- Behavioral skills: they allow you to deal with work situations such as contact with the public, the emotional load (difficult or fragile public, conflicts at work), teamwork or work under pressure.
- Risk management skills
- Cognitive and digital skills: literacy (reading, writing documents), numeracy (calculation) and computer skills (use of software)
Computer use is very heterogeneous across occupations: it is low among blue-collar and low-skilled workers, high among skilled workers, managers and technicians).
- 56% of IT technicians and engineers require programming skills: 99% of them use office automation skills and 100% report using a desktop or laptop computer.
- 82% of employees use office skills (email, word processing and spreadsheets). Employed workers have higher digital skills than the average French person. This skill does not necessarily require the use of a computer due to the development of mobile applications.
The mobilization of computer skills (this is also the case for literacy and numeracy skills) thus accompanies the continuous rise in the level of qualification of the working population and reflects the rise in job qualifications.
Référence :
